Heating boiler



Aug. 19, 1930. P. H. OLSON HEATING BOILER Filed Feb. 1o, 192? Pau/lli0h33?? Patented Aug. 19, 1930 PATENT ersten PAUL 'I-I.' OLSON, OF ST.PAULQMINNESOTA HnA'rrnG BOILERy Application led February 10, 19727.Serial No. 167,165.

The present invention relates to a heating boiler.

In heating a liquid, the greater the surface ofrsaid liquid which isexposed to the heating means in proportion to its volume, the-greaterwill be the transmission of heat to the liquid, other factors beingequal.

' An object of the present invention is to make a heating boiler havingwater compartments therein, and having passages therebetween forcarrying heated gases upwardly about said compartments to heat iiuidcontained in said compartments.

Another object is to alternately superpose a plurality of double concaveand double convex compartments in spaced relation, one above the other,said compartments being interconnected by passages which will permit agradual flow of a heating Huid upwardly therethrough, and will alsoprovide means for carrying sediment in said compartments downwardlytherethrough.

In order to attainthese objects, there is provided, in accordance withone feature of the invention, a heating boiler having a plurality ofdouble concave compartments posi-v tioned one above the other, each withan opening centrally thereof; and having a double convex compartment ofsmaller diameter than said double concave compartments positionedcentrally between each pair of superposed concave compartments.

These vand other features of the invention, not specifically mentioned,will be more fully brought out lin the following description and theaccompanying drawings,-wherein: j

Figure l, is a view partly in front elevation and partly in verticalsection through a heating boiler embodying the features of .the

present invention Figure 2, is a view in top plan of a doubleconvexwater compartment; and

Figure 3 isla sectional view of a modified form of compartment. f

Referring to the drawings in detail, a boill er A is shown of a typecommonly employed in hot water heating plants where coal or oil is usedas a fuel. The boiler is here shown as constructed of cast metal units,although the 5Ounitsmay be made of sheet metal, if preferred, withoutdeparting 'from the spirit or scope of thel invention.

The boiler A is provided with a grate 1 of a conventional type and ispreferably provided with a water jacket 2 surrounding the lire. potabove the grate. n Extending inwardly from the upperportion of the waterjacket surrounding the iire pot, and in open comnninication therewith,is a double concave portion 3 having an openinO` 1l centrally thereof topermit heated gases from the fire pot to ascend therethrough. y

Spaced upwardly from the upper face of the double concave portion 8 andsupported thereon by pipe connections which will be designated generallyas B, is a double convex compartment 5 which may have a concave portion6 in the center of the lower face thereof. The pipe connections B may bewelded, or otherwise secured to the compartments, to make a water tightjoint therewith. This con- Cave portion is for the purpose of preventingsediment from settling on the bottom of the compartment 5, although itis not essential to the invention. The double convex compartment 5 issmaller in diameter than the double concave compartment 8, so as to bespaced inwardly from the outer wall of the boiler to permit heated gasesto flow upwardly around the outer edge of said compartment 5. l

Spaced upwardly from the double convex compartment 5 and supported as bymeans of other pipe connections B, is a double concave compartment 7.The outside diameter ofthe double concave compartment 7 is, in thepresent instance, somewhat smaller than the diameterof the lower concavecompartment 3 so as to permit a pair of hinged casings 8 and 9, which,in the present construction, extend al- Ymost completely around theboiler to fit flush with the lower compartment, and an 'upper fcompartment tobe later described. The double concave compartment '7 isspaced upward- 'lv from the convex compartment 5 a distancesubstantially equal to tiat which separates the lower concavecompartment and the double convex compartment 3.

Spaced upwardly from the double concave compartment 7 and supported asby means of pipe connections B is a second double convex compartment 10.This compartment is also spaced upwardly from the double concave ycomartment 7 a distance substantially equal to tlie separation between theother compartmeuts. Other double concave and double convex compartmmtsmy be :alternately superposed, as required, in the manner shown, thoseillustrated being sulicient to fully disclose the invention.

A top compartment lhaving a lower con: cave surface is supported uponthe upper double convex compartment 10 by means of pipe connections Bund is provided with .a central opening A12 which is connected to astack, notshow'n, in a customary manner, -to convey away the gases ofcombustion.

Threadedly inserted into the lower portion ofthe water jacket 2 is apipe 13, while iconnected to the upper portion of the upper .com'rtment11 is 4a second pipe 14. Through the wer pipe 13 water vmay be suppliedto the boiler, while the upper pipe conveys away thewater, vapor, orsteam heated by passing through the boiler. Various modifications to theboiler may be made, as Vby constructing it of sheet metal, and making itsmaller in -size for use in heating hot water storage boilers, etc.-These and similar adaptions would occur to an ordinary mechanic, andare im tended to be within the scope of the appended claims.

A fuel oil or gas burner is schematically 'iindicated in dotted lines'at '15 and may be substitutcd for `coa-l as `a fuel, if desired. Theheated gases pass from the heating element 'upwardly through the centralopening "1n the double concave compartment 3 into 'the `upwardly slopingpassage between the double concave compartment '3 J:md t'he doubleconrex compartment 5. Here the gases are distributed radially outwardover a large area of V'heating surface .andV as their cross sectionalarea increas velocity is thereby greatly reduced. They pass upwardlyaround the outer edge of the double convex com artment 5 and then travelradially inwar between the double convex compartment 5 and the nexthigher concave lcompartment 7. AstheyV approach the center their speedoftravel again increases,-in accordance with a well 'known principle ofaerodynamics, and

as they reach the center they pass lupwardly through the central o ninof Athe dou'ble concave compartment' T e rocess is -regated until thegases are finally passed to c ,Stack at I2.

A The .fact that the gases are vcontinuously traveling in an upwardlysloping passage prevents yretarding of the draft, and the fact that .theassages between the compartments arev of su stantially equal depththroughout eliminates eddycurrents .and dead areaswith therattcndantloss in heating efficiency.

The heat absorbing fluid within the boiler has a free circulation upwardfrom one compartment into the next, being introduced into eachcompartment near the lower portion of a heating surface thereof andbeing free for passage therefrom into the next higher compartment at apoint near the lower portion of n lwting surface thereof. For example,'water *from the lower compartment 3 passes from a point 16 near thecenter thereof upwardly through pipe B1 into the lower portion of thedouble convex compartment 5 near the lower portion of a heating surface17. The water is free to pass upwardly through the compartment .5.andthence through either connecting pipe B2 near the outer edge of thedouble convex compartment .5, or through pipe Bs near the top thereof.Since the ipe Binear the ltop is Voffset ninety degrees' om the pipe B1,through whfich, in lthe present in- .stance `the water is considered `to'have en-- 'tered the compartment, the normal `course of the water fromthe B1 is upwardly .through the pipe B2.. This carries water .over theheating surface 17.

l.Offset :ninety degrees rfrom'the pipe B1 is a :pipe Bfalso.cormnunicnltingibetween the lower doulnlle concave compartmexrtandtheirower double convex vcompernment 5. Water .enteringthe doubleconvex compartment 5 through the 'pipe lBlinds a normal course of :dowwardly tinto the next higher double :concave lcompant'mexrt'throughthe.pipe B3. This carries the water over the heating-surface :comiprised in@the iupper .face ott compartment 5.

-It will he further noted that ,since kone vpair of pipes ris locatednear the bottom of each compartment, sediment is rtree to flowdownwardly .through 'the boiler `to .fthe llowenmost pointri'n the waterjacketQ. Fromithis point fthe sediment .may be cleaned out atipredeter-'mined intervals, or, if desired, a small sediment space 18 ymay beIleclt below Athe rpipe 13, `which `would .receive the sedimentaccumulaition 4without :interfering lwith the proper functioning of theboiler.

To 'facilitate proper circulation and eliminate any dead areas betweenV:the .entrance point of a connecting pipe and either the top or thefbottom of a compartment, said compartments muy 'be formed with a ,bulge20 (see Figure 23) on a level with 'the lowermost :portion of saidcompartment. A similar bulge, inverted, 'may also be provided on aAlevel with the uppermcstportionfof the compartments for each connectingA pair of largecleanout .doors Sand 9 are here provided extending almostentirely around the boiler; By opening either of the doors,substantially hal'f ofthe entire circumference of ythe compartments iisexposed, and by inserting a brush between 'the kcompartments they may becleaned thoroughly in a short spaceof time. Since the upper surface Vofythe lowermost double concave compartment slopes inwardly, anyaccumulation of ash or soot thereon would tend to flow ind wardly on thedownwardly sloping upper surface of this compartment and thereby preventit from falling out upon the floor. This construction greatlyfacilitates cleaning the boiler.

I claim:

A heating boiler, comprisingahollowlower water jacket having a topchamber having horizontally arranged double concave walls and a narrowvertical annular chamber, the inner wall of which defines an enlargedfire chamber below, a compartment having double convex walls above saidtop chamber, nipples connecting said top chamber and com# partment insuperposed spaced relation and establishing communication therebetween,a second compartment arranged above the first compartment and havingwalls of double concave configuration, nipples connecting the first andsecond compartments in spaced relation, a third compartment of doubleconvex configuration above the second and connected thereto by nipples,a fourth compartment above the third and connected thereto by nipples,the top chamber of the water jacket and the second and fourthcompartments having central openings whereby communication be-v tweenthe spaces between the compartments and the fire chamber is obtained anda casing surrounding the irst, second, and third compartments and spacedfrom the first and third compartment and engaging said water jacket andthe fourth compartment.

In testimony whereof I aiix my signature.

PAUL H. OLSON.

